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One of the primary ways that the tobacco and vape industries have attracted new youth users is by selling sweet, fruity and candy-flavored products. Flavors improve the taste and reduce the harshness of tobacco products, making them more appealing and easier for young people to use. Flavors also create the impression that these products are less harmful than they really are.

The rates of NYS high school student use of various tobacco products over time illustrates the power of flavors in attracting youth. Youth cigarette use decreased dramatically after 2009 when flavored cigarettes, excepting menthol, were no longer allowed for sale. During the same period and for the first time, youth use of cigars, cigarillos and chew in flavors like chocolate, wild berry, watermelon, lemonade and cherry dynamite, exceeded the rate of youth cigarette use and is currently nearly twice the rate. After thousands of differently flavored e-cigarettes entered the market in 2013, youth use of e-cigs increased by 160% in NYS between 2014-2018, skyrocketing to an alarming 30.5% of high school students using e-cigs in 2018.

Steps New York State has taken:

• Prohibiting the sale of flavored e-cigs, including menthol, as of May 18, 2020

Problems that remain: Menthol Cigarettes and Other Flavored Tobacco Products

Menthol cigarettes, along with other sweet, fruity and candy flavors in tobacco products, are used by the tobacco industry as a starter kit for kids. Flavored cigars and little cigars are available in fruit and candy flavors, are widely available, and can be sold in small inexpensive packages. Learn more about the impact of flavored tobacco products on youth tobacco use here. 

Menthol takes a particularly significant toll on the health of African Americans because of the tobacco industry’s long history of aggressively marketing menthol to the African American community. As a result, nearly 90% of African American adult smokers use menthol cigarettes as compared to 29% of white smokers. The increased risks associated with mentholated tobacco use led the NAACP to recently recommend that the FDA ban menthol in cigarettes. Learn more about the impact of menthol on the African American community here. 

The LGBTQIA+ community has also been a target of tobacco marketing. For more than 30 years, major tobacco companies have tried to present themselves as allies to LGBTQIA+ communities through representation in tobacco ads, sponsorship of Pride events, and financial support to HIV/AIDS organizations. The goal was to make smoking, and menthol cigarettes in particular, an accepted part of queer culture. This aggressive strategy contributes significantly to LGBTQIA+ people using tobacco, including menthol cigarettes, at higher rates than people who are cisgender and straight. Learn more about the impact of tobacco use on the LGBTQIA+ community here. 

Solutions

Restrict the sale of flavored tobacco products, including menthol.

According to the Surgeon General, raising the price of tobacco products is one of the most effective strategies for preventing young people from starting, reducing the amount of tobacco used, and increasing the number of people who quit.

Steps New York State has taken:

• Highest state cigarette tax in the nation
• Sales tax on e-cigarette products (one of 23 states)
• Prohibiting retailers from accepting discounts and coupons for tobacco products

Problems that remain: Package size

In New York State, stores are required to register with the state if they want to sell tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, and are subject to regular inspections to ensure that they are complying with New York State laws regarding the sale of those products. These inspections are usually carried out by County Departments of Health. Violations of state law can result in the imposition of fines and/or stores can have their licenses suspended or revoked.

Local municipalities have the authority to place additional restrictions on the sale of tobacco products, including decisions related to the type and location of stores that sell tobacco products. In NYS, several local governments have, for example, prohibited the sale of tobacco products in pharmacies, contending that health care providers ought not be selling a product that is the #1 cause of preventable death and disease. Local governments have also instituted limits on the total number of retailers that can be registered to sell tobacco products, and restrictions on how close to schools stores can be located.

Steps NYS has taken

• Prohibiting the sale of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, in pharmacies and in stores that contain a pharmacy.

Problems that remain: Number of Tobacco Retailers

The number of licensed tobacco retailers can vary dramatically from one community to another. The more tobacco retailers there are, the more exposure residents have to tobacco marketing. The more exposure to tobacco marketing, the more likely youth will start smoking, adult smokers will experience more cravings and impulse buying, and people trying to quit will be less successful.

The density of tobacco retailers (number of tobacco retailers per capita) is typically higher in low-income neighborhoods than in higher-income neighborhoods. This helps to explain the disproportionately high rate of smoking among New Yorkers with the least education and income who are 43% more likely to smoke than those with higher income and education.

While the tobacco use rate has steadily declined overall in the past decade, tobacco use is not an equal opportunity killer. Many factors contribute to the higher rates of smoking among those with the least education and income, and exposure to tobacco marketing is one of them.

Solutions

This infographic from ChangeLab Solutions and CounterTobacco illustrates various ways in which policy solutions can reduce tobacco retailer density.

Marketing in stores

In 1998, significant restrictions were placed on the ways in which tobacco companies could market their products, including bans on billboard advertising, the use of cartoon characters, and limits on the distribution of branded clothing and other merchandise.

On the heels of these restrictions, stores that sell tobacco became the primary focus of tobacco industry marketing. Marketing strategies at the point of sale include:

• Outdoor advertising on the property of retail businesses where tobacco products are sold, provided the signs are smaller than 14-square feet.
• Tobacco advertising inside stores selling tobacco products.
• Visible displays of tobacco products for sale.
• Continued use of image advertising, including the use of human images with proven youth appeal, such as the Marlboro cowboy.

Tobacco Product Displays

You may not have seen all the tobacco marketing in the stores, but your kids have. It’s right there by the register, where they check out. Tobacco product displays, on average, take up 34 square feet of space in the most visible location in stores–directly behind the checkout counter.

Our current partnerships:

• Averill Park High School
• Cohoes Middle & High School
• Columbia High School
• Bethlehem Central Middle School
• Boys & Girls Club of the Capital Region
• Schenectady High School
• Schenectady County Public Library
• Steinmetz Career & Leadership Academy High School
• Girls Inc. of the Greater Capital Region
• Watervliet Jr/Sr High School

If your school or youth serving organization is interested in partnering with our program, please fill out our contact us form.